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托尔斯泰——俄罗斯作家,被认为是最伟大的作家之一

托尔斯泰——俄罗斯作家,被认为是最伟大的作家之一

托尔斯泰——俄国作家,被公认为史上最伟大的作家之一。1908年。

1908 · 24,546 赞 · 2018-05-27 · 88 条评论

评论 (88)

LincolnBeckett2,513 赞2018/5/28
He looks like a Jedi master.
他看起来就像个绝地大师。
Pooglio171,119 赞2018/5/28
Master Tolstoy is a perfect Star Wars name too.
“托尔斯泰大师”这名字听起来也很有《星球大战》那味儿。
Plastastic214 赞2018/5/28
Tolstoy's the key to all this.
托尔斯泰才是解开这一切的关键。
sport_Wolf73 赞2018/5/28
I’ve got boxes full of Tolstoy.
我这儿有一整箱托尔斯泰的书。
Seven_Veils34 赞2018/5/28
Alright, we're all goin to your house
行吧,大伙儿这就去你家。
Teripid26 赞2018/5/28
Careful, it's Tolstoys all the way down.
小心点,底下全是托尔斯泰,深不见底呢。
_demetri_179 赞2018/5/28
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HIValadeen33 赞2018/5/28
This is so dank
这玩意儿太顶了。
[已删除]36 赞2018/5/28
Did he write that one story about that Plageus guy? PS., He actually held the title of "Count", so technically he'd be Count Tolstoy.
他是不是写过那个关于“普雷格斯”(Plageus)家伙的故事啊? 附注:他其实是有“伯爵”头衔的,所以严格来说他应该叫托尔斯泰伯爵。
one-punch-knockout331 赞2018/5/28
Jedi Masters look like him.
绝地大师长得就像他这样。
TheNoxx185 赞2018/5/28
Well he did start a social/religious movement: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolstoyan_movement >Tolstoyans (Russian:Толстовцы, Tolstovtsy) identify themselves as Christians, but do not generally belong to an institutional Church. Tolstoy was a harsh critic of the Russian Orthodox Church, leading to his excommunication in 1901.[3] Tolstoyans tend to focus more on following the teachings of Jesus, rather than on his miracles or divinity. >They attempt to live an ascetic and simple life, preferring to be vegetarian, non-smoking, teetotal and chaste. Tolstoyans are considered Christian pacifists and advocate nonresistance in all circumstances. Tolstoy's understanding of what it means to be Christian was defined by the Sermon on the Mount and summed up in five simple propositions: >1. Love your enemies 2. Do not be angry 3. Do not fight evil with evil, but return evil with good (an interpretation of turning the other cheek) 4. Do not lust 5. Do not take oaths.
说得对,他确实发起过一场社会/宗教运动: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolstoyan_movement >托尔斯泰主义者(俄语:Толстовцы, Tolstovtsy)自认为是基督徒,但通常不隶属于任何体制内的教会。托尔斯泰曾严厉批判俄罗斯正教会,这导致他在1901年被逐出教会。[3] 托尔斯泰主义者倾向于关注耶稣的教诲,而非他的神迹或神性。 >他们尝试过苦行且简单的生活,崇尚素食、禁烟、戒酒并保持贞洁。托尔斯泰主义者被视为基督教和平主义者,主张在任何情况下都不抵抗。托尔斯泰对基督教义的理解深受“登山宝训”的影响,并总结为五个简单的准则: >1. 爱你的仇敌 2. 不可动怒 3. 不要以恶抗恶,而要以善报恶(对“打左脸给右脸”的一种解读) 4. 不可动淫念 5. 不可起誓。
[已删除]32 赞2018/5/28
Tolstoy was a good man who helped my ancestors escape persecution from the Russian czar's https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doukhobors > The Quakers and Tolstoyan movement covered most of the costs of passage for the emigrants; writer Leo Tolstoy arranged for the royalties from his novel Resurrection, his story Father Sergei, and some others, to go to the emigration fund. He also raised money from wealthy friends. In the end, his efforts provided about 30,000 rubles, half of the emigration fund. The anarchist Peter Kropotkin and James Mavor, a professor of political economy at the University of Toronto, also helped the emigrants.[18][19]
托尔斯泰是个好人,他曾帮助我的祖先逃离了俄国沙皇的迫害。 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doukhobors >贵格会和托尔斯泰运动承担了移民们大部分的路费;作家列夫·托尔斯泰安排将他的小说《复活》、故事《谢尔盖神父》以及其他一些作品的版税捐给移民基金。他还从富有的朋友那里筹集了资金。最终,他的努力提供了大约30,000卢布,占了移民基金的一半。无政府主义者彼得·克鲁泡特金和多伦多大学政治经济学教授詹姆斯·马沃尔也向这些移民伸出了援手。[18][19]
obvom65 赞2018/5/28
Oh, so the good kind.
哦,那是好的一类。
WikiTextBot16 赞2018/5/28
**Tolstoyan movement** The Tolstoyan movement is a social movement based on the philosophical and religious views of Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy (1828–1910). Tolstoy's views were formed by rigorous study of the ministry of Jesus, particularly the Sermon on the Mount. Tolstoy expressed "great joy" that groups of people "have been springing up, not only in Russia but in various parts of Europe, who are in complete agreement with our views." However, the author also thought it was a mistake to create a specific movement or doctrine after him, urging individuals to listen to their own conscience rather than blindly follow his. In regard to a letter he received from an adherent, he wrote: To speak of "Tolstoyism," to seek guidance, to inquire about my solution of questions, is a great and gross error. *** ^[ [^PM](https://www.reddit.com/message/compose?to=kittens_from_space) ^| [^Exclude ^me](https://reddit.com/message/compose?to=WikiTextBot&message=Excludeme&subject=Excludeme) ^| [^Exclude ^from ^subreddit](https://np.reddit.com/r/ColorizedHistory/about/banned) ^| [^FAQ ^/ ^Information](https://np.reddit.com/r/WikiTextBot/wiki/index) ^| [^Source](https://github.com/kittenswolf/WikiTextBot) ^] ^Downvote ^to ^remove ^| ^v0.28
**托尔斯泰主义运动** 托尔斯泰主义运动是一场基于俄国小说家列夫·托尔斯泰(1828–1910)哲学和宗教观点的社会运动。托尔斯泰的观点源于他对耶稣事工的严谨研究,特别是“登山宝训”。 托尔斯泰曾表示,看到“不仅在俄罗斯,而且在欧洲各地,都有与我们的观点完全一致的群体如雨后春笋般涌现”,他感到“非常高兴”。然而,托尔斯泰本人也认为以他的名字去创立一个特定的运动或教条是个错误,他敦促人们要倾听自己的良知,而不是盲目追随他。关于他收到的一封追随者的信,他写道: 谈论什么“托尔斯泰主义”,寻求指导,或是探究我对某些问题的解答,都是一个巨大且严重的错误。 *** ^[ [^私信](https://www.reddit.com/message/compose?to=kittens_from_space) ^| [^屏蔽我](https://reddit.com/message/compose?to=WikiTextBot&message=Excludeme&subject=Excludeme) ^| [^从子版块屏蔽](https://np.reddit.com/r/ColorizedHistory/about/banned) ^| [^常见问题 ^/ ^信息](https://np.reddit.com/r/WikiTextBot/wiki/index) ^| [^源码](https://github.com/kittenswolf/WikiTextBot) ^] ^点踩以移除 ^| ^v0.28
[已删除]31 赞2018/5/28
That's eerily similar to what my family believes, but besides the chaste and vegetarian parts. Too bad most Christians that go on missions mostly have their personal churches in mind :/
这跟我家人的信仰诡异地相似,只不过他们不守贞洁也不吃素。可惜大部分去传教的基督徒心里想的主要是他们自己的教会 :/
[已删除]16 赞2018/5/28
I think he teaches blondes to become Kung-fu assassins by learning how to one-inch punch boards all day.
我觉得他教那些金发妞学功夫,让她们整天练寸拳打木板,好变身成功夫刺客。
EucalyptusHelve2,207 赞2018/5/28
My family owes its existence to this man. My great-great grandfather and his family were Doukhobors in Russia. They were greatly persecuted by the Russian government. Leo Tolstoy funded their Migration to Canada to escape that persecution. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doukhobors
我这一家子能活到今天全靠这人。我高祖父那辈人当年是俄国的“杜波霍尔派”(Doukhobors)。他们那时候被俄国政府迫害得厉害。是列夫·托尔斯泰出钱资助他们移民到加拿大,才躲过了那场迫害。 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doukhobors
sunny-in-texas277 赞2018/5/28
Thanks for the interesting read!
感谢分享,读起来很有意思!
BumpyRocketFrog180 赞2018/5/28
> By 1930 a total of about 8,780 Doukhobors migrated to Canada from Russia.[17] > The Quakers and Tolstoyan movement covered most of the costs of passage for the emigrants; writer Leo Tolstoy arranged for the royalties from his novel Resurrection, his story Father Sergei, and some others, to go to the emigration fund. He also raised money from wealthy friends. In the end, his efforts provided about 30,000 rubles, half of the emigration fund. The anarchist Peter Kropotkin and James Mavor, a professor of political economy at the University of Toronto, also helped the emigrants.[18][19]
> 到1930年,总计约8780名杜霍博尔教徒从俄国移民到了加拿大。[17] > 贵格会和托尔斯泰运动承担了这些移民大部分的旅费;作家列夫·托尔斯泰安排将他小说《复活》、中篇小说《谢尔盖神父》以及其他一些作品的版税捐给移民基金。他还从富有的朋友那里筹集了资金。最终,他的努力筹集到了约3万卢布,占了移民基金的一半。无政府主义者彼得·克鲁泡特金和多伦多大学政治经济学教授詹姆斯·马沃也帮助了这些移民。[18][19]
denissimov53 赞2018/5/28
How much is 1930s 30000 rubles is in today US dollars? Edit. Ends up he just gave $10 per person to 9k people.
1930年代的3万卢布相当于现在的多少美元? 编辑:合着他就是给9000人每人发了10刀啊。
tadsteinberger85 赞2018/5/28
A quick Google search says about $390,000
随便Google了一下,说大概是39万美元。
Dr-Haus68 赞2018/5/28
Or about 7 Schute Bucks.
大概相当于 7 个舒特币(Schute Bucks)。
AAAPosts26 赞2018/5/28
How many Stanley Nickels?
那能换多少个斯坦利镍币(Stanley Nickels)?
ryb0t040 赞2018/5/28
Hello fellow Doukhabor 🖐️
哈啰,同为杜霍波尔派(Doukhabor)的伙伴 🖐️
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_DEAL_WITH_IT_978 赞2018/5/28
One wonders if *War and Peace* would have been as highly acclaimed as it was if it was published under it's original name *War---What Is It Good For?*
人们不禁会想,如果《战争与和平》出版时用的是原名《战争——它有什么用?》(War—What Is It Good For?),还会不会像现在这样备受推崇。
Grandmeister243 赞2018/5/28
No, really! It was his Mistress who made him change the name, and that's where they got the idea for the song!
不,我是认真的!就是他情妇让他改的名字,那首歌的灵感就是这么来的!
[已删除]19 赞2018/5/28
WHAT IS THAT NOISE?!
那是什么动静?!
DragonBornX45296 赞2018/5/28
Ab-so-lutly nothing, HOOO
完-全-没-用,呼——
nickcooper199172 赞2018/5/28
Say it again!
再说一遍!
OlcanRaider45 赞2018/5/28
War ! Hun! What is it good for ?!
战争!哼!它到底有个屁用?!
carpenterro21 赞2018/5/28
Good God, y'all!
我的天呐,各位!
xRehab24 赞2018/5/28
Is it bad that I can only ever hear this while [replaying this scene in my head] (https://youtu.be/HXzqE6eoIwI) every single time.
我每次一看到这儿,脑子里就自动循环播放 [这一幕的画面](https://youtu.be/HXzqE6eoIwI),我是不是没救了。
beerad323553 赞2018/5/28
The sea was angry that day my friends. . .
那天的大海可是发火了啊,朋友们……
jecinci550 赞2018/5/28
"Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy) 9 September 1828 – 20 November 1910 Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, he is best known for the novels War and Peace (1869) and Anna Karenina (1877), often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, Childhood, Boyhood, and Youth (1852–1856), and Sevastopol Sketches (1855), based upon his experiences in the Crimean War. Tolstoy's fiction includes dozens of short stories and several novellas such as The Death of Ivan Ilyich (1886), Family Happiness (1859), and Hadji Murad (1912). He also wrote plays and numerous philosophical essays. In the 1870s Tolstoy experienced a profound moral crisis, followed by what he regarded as an equally profound spiritual awakening, as outlined in his non-fiction work A Confession (1882). His literal interpretation of the ethical teachings of Jesus, centering on the Sermon on the Mount, caused him to become a fervent Christian anarchist and pacifist. Tolstoy's ideas on nonviolent resistance, expressed in such works as The Kingdom of God Is Within You (1894), were to have a profound impact on such pivotal 20th-century figures as Mohandas Gandhi, and Martin Luther King, Jr. Tolstoy also became a dedicated advocate of Georgism, the economic philosophy of Henry George, which he incorporated into his writing, particularly Resurrection (1899). " info via wikipedia
伯爵列夫·尼古拉耶维奇·托尔斯泰 (在英语中通常被称为列奥·托尔斯泰) 1828年9月9日 – 1910年11月20日 他1828年出生于一个俄罗斯贵族家庭,最著名的作品是小说《战争与和平》(1869年)和《安娜·卡列尼娜》(1877年),这两部作品常被誉为现实主义小说的巅峰之作。他在二十多岁时凭借半自传体三部曲《童年》《少年》《青年》(1852–1856年),以及基于他在克里米亚战争经历所写的《塞瓦斯托波尔故事》(1855年)首次获得了文学界的赞誉。托尔斯泰的小说作品包括数十篇短篇故事和几部中篇小说,例如《伊凡·伊里奇之死》(1886年)、《家庭幸福》(1859年)和《哈吉·穆拉特》(1912年)。他还写过剧本和大量的哲学论文。 19世纪70年代,托尔斯泰经历了一场深刻的道德危机,随后他认为自己获得了一次同样深刻的精神觉醒,这在他非虚构作品《忏悔录》(1882年)中有所概述。他对耶稣伦理教义的字面解读(以“登山宝训”为中心)使他成为了一名狂热的基督教无政府主义者和和平主义者。托尔斯泰关于非暴力反抗的思想——在《上帝在你们心中》(1894年)等著作中有所表达——对莫罕达斯·甘地和马丁·路德·金等20世纪的关键人物产生了深远影响。托尔斯泰还成为了乔治主义(亨利·乔治的经济哲学)的坚定拥护者,并将这一哲学融入了他的写作中,特别是在《复活》(1899年)中体现得尤为明显。——信息源自维基百科
[已删除]223 赞2018/5/28
I've consistently heard this guy counted among the top writers of all time. Along with Fyodor Dostoyevsky, CS Lewis, Shakespeare... ...and I've never read anything by him. I probably should.
我一直听说这家伙被列为史上最伟大的作家之一。和费奥多尔·陀思妥耶夫斯基、C.S.刘易斯、莎士比亚排在一起…… ……但我从来没读过他的任何作品。我大概是该读读看了。
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TD8722 赞2018/5/28
I couldn't choose between them.
我没法在他们之间做出选择。
pinkpeach1119719 赞2018/5/28
Does War an Peace have more intrigue?
《战争与和平》里的权谋戏份更多吗?
[已删除]57 赞2018/5/28
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pinkpeach1119715 赞2018/5/28
Oh goody I’m a sucker for political history so that’s why I ask. I also really love stream of consciousness sort of style too so I’ll read both inevitably.
太棒了,我这人就是个政治历史狂,所以才会有此一问。我也超爱那种意识流风格,所以这两部书我迟早都是要读的。
Ppppppeehwpahebektjn26 赞2018/5/28
You'll really enjoy W&P. While the main figures are fiction, most events are real. Especially the parts with Napoleon and General Koetozov are enjoyable. + in some random parts Tolstoy has some interesting essays scolding the historians of his day that do not understand what made civilization move.
你肯定会喜欢《战争与和平》的。虽然主角是虚构的,但大部分事件都有据可考。尤其是拿破仑和库图佐夫将军出场的那些桥段,特别带劲。而且,书里还有些不按套路出牌的地方,托尔斯泰会在里头写些很有意思的杂感,痛斥他那个时代的史学家根本搞不懂推动文明发展的动力是什么。
Napoleon_icecream15 赞2018/5/28
If you’re like me and love political history then definitely war and peace. It’s a titan of a book, but it’s historically on point and Tolstoy just does a superb job at building up this image and myth of Napoleon from the eyes of the Russians, and then shows how the man and the myth are never the same. I’ll probably never read it again because it just took so much time and effort, but I never really felt bored during it. Anna Karenina on the other hand I struggled with because it was still Tolstoy’s style but no where near as much political history.
如果你跟我一样,是个政治历史迷,那一定要读《战争与和平》。这本书绝对是部鸿篇巨制,史实考究非常到位,托尔斯泰笔下的托尔斯泰简直绝了,他从俄国人的视角构建出拿破仑的形象和神话,然后又揭示了真实的他和神话中的他根本就是两码事。 我大概永远不会再读第二遍了,因为这书实在太耗时间精力,不过读的时候我倒真没觉得闷。 至于《安娜·卡列尼娜》,我读得就很挣扎,毕竟虽然还是托尔斯泰的风格,但里面的政治历史内容少得多了。
Third_Chelonaut16 赞2018/5/28
For W&P I had to make a spreadsheet pretty much to keep track of who everyone was.
读《战争与和平》的时候,我几乎得专门搞个电子表格出来,才能把里面的人物关系理清楚。
[已删除]16 赞2018/5/28
Hadji Murad is one of my favorite books ever. Tolstoy manages to squeeze like 6 words out of every word. Don't ask how or what I'm talking about. He paints a picture so concisely in that book.
《哈吉·穆拉特》是我最爱的书之一。托尔斯泰那本事,能把每个字都榨出六个字的意思来。别问我这是什么意思,也别问我在说什么,反正他在这本书里画出的景象简直精炼得可怕。
n0thing_remains40 赞2018/5/28
"Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. Everything was in confusion in the Oblonskys' house. The wife had discovered that the husband was carrying on an intrigue with a French girl, who had been a governess in their family, and she had announced to her husband that she could not go on living in the same house with him. This position of affairs had now lasted three days, and not only the husband and wife themselves, but all the members of their family and household, were painfully conscious of it. Every person in the house felt that there was so sense in their living together, and that the stray people brought together by chance in any inn had more in common with one another than they, the members of the family and household of the Oblonskys. The wife did not leave her own room, the husband had not been at home for three days. The children ran wild all over the house; the English governess quarreled with the housekeeper, and wrote to a friend asking her to look out for a new situation for her; the man-cook had walked off the day before just at dinner time; the kitchen-maid, and the coachman had given warning." Haha, see, not that bad! Go for it! Even kf he's considered to be a mastodon of literature, his books are by no means boring or hard to read. I couldn't put War and Peace away because it was so historical, dramatic and detailed in a good way and I just wanted to know what happens next. Same for Anna Karenina, it also helped that I was 24 when I read it for the first time, because I have already had some romantic experience and I struggled to be either pro or contra Anna Karenina's actions. You can start with his novellas Kreutzer Sonata or Death of Ivan Ilyich to get the feel of Tolstoy. Don't be scared! :)
“幸福的家庭总是相似的,不幸的家庭却各有各的不幸。” 奥布隆斯基家乱成了一锅粥。妻子发现丈夫和家里那位当家庭教师的法国姑娘搞在了一起,于是告诉丈夫,她没法再跟他住在同一个屋檐下了。这种僵局已经持续了三天,不仅是夫妻俩,家里所有的成员和仆人都深陷在这股压抑的氛围里。家里每个人都觉得大家再这么住在一起根本没意义,甚至随便哪家旅店里偶遇的陌生人,都比他们这些奥布隆斯基一家子和仆人们更有共同语言。妻子把自己关在房间里不出来,丈夫三天没回过家。孩子们在屋里四处乱跑,没人管;英国女家庭教师跟管家吵了一架,已经在给朋友写信托人帮忙找新工作了;厨师昨天晚饭时间直接撂挑子走人了;帮厨和马车夫也提了辞职。 哈哈,看吧,没那么糟糕!大胆去读吧!哪怕他被奉为文学界的“活化石”,他的书也绝不枯燥,更没有那么难啃。我当时读《战争与和平》的时候根本停不下来,因为它不仅历史底蕴深厚、戏剧性十足,细节描写也特别到位,我就只想知道接下来会发生什么。读《安娜·卡列尼娜》时也是这种感觉,而且我第一次读它的时候刚好24岁,那时候我也有了一些感情经历,所以对于安娜的行为到底该站哪边,我内心也特别纠结。 你可以先读读他的中篇小说《克莱采奏鸣曲》或者《伊凡·伊里奇之死》,找找读托尔斯泰的感觉。别怕!:)
[已删除]41 赞2018/5/28
C.S. Lewis is great, but does not belong in that list.
C.S.路易斯确实很棒,但把他归进那个名单里不太合适。
[已删除]41 赞2018/5/28
CS Lewis?
[已删除]19 赞2018/5/28
[内容已删除]
minkhandjob30 赞2018/5/28
Probably the latter.
大概率是后者。
[已删除]36 赞2018/5/28
I don't think he's a good enough author to be listed with the others.
我觉得他的文笔还没好到能跟其他人相提并论的地步。
daveofreckoning41 赞2018/5/28
CS Lewis? Are you high?
C.S.路易斯?你嗑大了吧?
[已删除]15 赞2018/5/28
No. I searched a few lists before including him, because I didn't know if others thought he should be in the top authors of all time. Every list I found had him in the top 25.
没有。在把他加进去之前,我特地搜了好几个榜单,因为我不知道在别人眼里他算不算史上最强作家。 我找到的所有榜单里,他都排在前25名。
halienjordan15 赞2018/5/28
Because 25 is still technically in the top 25.
毕竟 25 名从技术上讲也还在前 25 名里嘛。
Slapajack23 赞2018/5/28
I'm not sure if I would put C.S. Lewis in that list
我不太确定我会把 C.S. 路易斯放进那个榜单里。
FunkyGeneFlow103 赞2018/5/28
Recently finished reading War and Peace, I absolutely loved it. Now I want to read more of him
最近刚读完《战争与和平》,我简直太爱这本书了。现在我想读更多他的作品。
FlyingPasta36 赞2018/5/28
How long it it take ya
你花了多久读完啊?
SVMESSEFVIFVTVRVS71 赞2018/5/28
Honestly one of the best books I’ve ever read. It took me six months but I was in college reading other stuff at the same time it was worth the commitment. It really helps if you get a reader’s guide. There are multiple characters with multiple nicknames and the background goes on for like 4-500 pages before it gets really good. Get a good translation and you’ll be blown away. I read it twice...well, mostly at least.
说实话,这是我读过最棒的书之一。我花了大半年才读完,毕竟当时还要在大学里应付其他的功课,但为了这本书投入这么多时间绝对值了。如果能找份导读指南看的话会很有帮助。书里人物多,绰号也多,而且铺垫了大概四五百页之后剧情才渐入佳境。找个靠谱的译本,绝对让你大开眼界。我读了两遍……好吧,至少大部分内容都读了两遍。
FlyingPasta22 赞2018/5/28
Thanks for the note on the reading guide. I wish my russian was still good enough to read this book and enjoy it, but I'm hoping to pick up a good translation now
谢谢你提到导读指南的事。真希望我的俄语水平还没退步,能直接读原著来享受它,不过我打算现在就去挑个好点的译本读读看。
FunkyGeneFlow15 赞2018/5/28
which translation did you read? did you like it?
你读的是哪个译本?你觉得怎么样?
Sakai8860 赞2018/5/28
This is what he had to say about patriotism and government. That was before two world wars. "Bethink yourselves, people, and, for the sake of your bodily and spiritual good, and for the same good of your brothers and sisters, stop, think, reflect on what you are doing! Bethink yourselves and understand that not the Boers, English, French, Germans, Bohemians, Finns, Russians are your enemies, but that the only enemies are you yourselves, who with your patriotism support the governments, which oppress you and cause your misfortunes. They undertook to defend you against dangers, and have carried this condition of defence to such an extent that you have all become soldiers and slaves, that you are all ruined, that you are being ruined more and more, and may and must expect at any moment the breaking of the strained string and the terrible slaughter of you and your children. No matter how great the slaughter may be and how it may end, the condition will remain the same. Even so and with still greater tension will the governments arm and destroy and corrupt you and your children, and no one will help you to stop it all, if you are not going to help yourselves. There is but one help, and that is to destroy that terrible concatenation of the cone of violence, with which those who succeed in getting to the apex of the cone dominate the whole nation, and dominate the more surely, the more cruel and inhuman they are, as we know from the case of Napoleon, Nicholas Ⅰ., Bismarck, Chamberlain, Rhodes, and our dictators who rule the nation in the name of the Tsar. There is but one means for destroying this concatenation, and that is, to awaken from the hypnosis of patriotism. You must understand that all the evil from which you suffer you are causing yourselves, in that you submit to those suggestions by means of which you are deceived by the emperors, kings, members of parliaments, rulers, military men, capitalists, clergy, authors, artists, — by all those who need this deception of patriotism in order to be able to live by your labours. Whoever you may be, — a Frenchman, Russian, Pole, Englishman, Irishman, German, Bohemian, — you must understand that all our real human interests, whatever they be, — agricultural, industrial, commercial, artistic, or scientific, — all these interests, like all the pleasures and joys, in no way oppose the interests of the other nations and states, and that you are, by means of a mutual interaction, exchange of services, the joy of a broad brotherly communion, of an exchange not only of wares, but also of sentiments, united with the men of the other nations. You must understand that the questions as to who succeeds in seizing Wei\-hai\-wei, Port Arthur, or Cuba — whether it is your government or another — are by no means a matter of indifference to you, but that every seizure made by your government is detrimental to you, because it inevitably brings with it all kinds of influences, which your government will exert against you, in order to compel you to take part in robberies and acts of violence, which are necessary for the seizures and for the retention of what has been seized. You must understand that your life can in no way be improved by this, that Alsace will be German or French, and that Ireland and Poland are free or enslaved: no matter whose they may be, you can live wherever you please; even if you were an Alsatian, an Irishman, or a Pole, — you must understand that every fanning of patriotism will only make your position worse, because the enslavement of your nation has resulted only from the struggle of patriotisms, and that every manifestation of patriotism in one nation increases the reaction against it in another. You must understand that you can save yourselves from all your calamities only when you free yourselves from the obsolete idea of patriotism and from the obedience to the governments which is based upon it, and when you shall boldly enter into the sphere of that higher idea of the brotherly union of the nations, which has long ago entered into life and is calling you to itself from all sides. Let men understand that they are not the sons of any countries or governments, but the sons of God, and that, therefore, they cannot be slaves, nor enemies of other men, and all those senseless, now quite useless, pernicious institutions, bequeathed by antiquity, which are called governments, and all those sufferings, acts of violence, degradations, crimes, which they bring with them, will disappear of their own accord."
以下是他对于爱国主义和政府的看法。那是两次世界大战之前写的。 “觉醒吧,人们啊!为了你们的身心健康,为了你们兄弟姐妹们的福祉,停下来,思考一下,反思一下你们到底在做什么! 觉醒吧,去理解这一点:布尔人、英国人、法国人、德国人、波希米亚人、芬兰人、俄罗斯人都不是你们的敌人;真正的敌人正是你们自己——正是你们的爱国主义支撑着那些压迫你们、给你们带来不幸的政府。 他们承诺保护你们免受危险,却把这种‘防御’搞到如此地步:你们全都成了士兵和奴隶,全都破了产,而且还在不断变得更糟;你们随时随地都得提心吊胆,生怕那根紧绷的弦断掉,导致你们和你们的孩子陷入可怕的屠杀。 无论那场屠杀有多惨烈,无论结局如何,情况依然不会改变。政府只会变本加厉地武装、摧毁并腐蚀你们和你们的孩子。如果你们自己不救自己,谁也帮不了你们。 唯一的出路就是粉碎那个可怕的暴力圆锥体——那些爬到圆锥顶端的人,就是靠着它来统治整个国家。他们越是残忍、越是没人性,他们的统治就越稳固,正如我们从拿破仑、尼古拉一世、俾斯麦、张伯伦、罗德斯,以及那些以沙皇名义统治国家的独裁者身上所看到的那样。 要摧毁这种勾结,只有一个办法:从爱国主义的催眠中醒过来。 你们必须明白,你们所遭受的一切苦难都是你们自找的,因为你们屈从于那些暗示,被皇帝、国王、议员、统治者、军人、资本家、神职人员、作家、艺术家——所有那些为了靠你们的劳动生活而需要利用‘爱国主义’这种谎言的人——所欺骗。 无论你是谁——法国人、俄罗斯人、波兰人、英国人、爱尔兰人、德国人还是波希米亚人——你都必须明白,我们所有真正的人类利益,无论是农业、工业、商业、艺术还是科学方面的;所有这些利益,以及所有的快乐与幸福,绝不会与别国人民的利益相冲突。相反,通过相互交流、服务交换,通过那种广阔的兄弟般的共融——不仅是货物的流通,更是情感的交流——你与别国的人民是紧密相连的。 你们必须明白,谁能抢到威海卫、旅顺口或古巴——不管是你们政府抢到还是别的政府抢到——这绝不是与你们无关的事。事实上,你们政府的每一次掠夺对你们而言都是有害的,因为它必然会带来各种影响,政府会利用这些影响来强迫你们参与抢劫和暴力行为,而这些勾当正是为了占有和守住掠夺物所必需的。你们必须明白,阿尔萨斯归德国还是归法国,爱尔兰和波兰是自由还是被奴役,根本不会让你们的生活有任何改善:无论它们属于谁,你们都可以在想去的地方生活。即便你们就是阿尔萨斯人、爱尔兰人或波兰人,你们也必须明白,每一次对爱国主义的煽动只会让你们的处境更糟糕,因为你们国家的被奴役,恰恰源于这些爱国主义之间的角力,而一个国家越是表现出爱国主义,就会在另一个国家激起越强烈的反作用。你们必须明白,只有当你们从那种过时的‘爱国主义’理念中解脱出来,不再盲从于建立在此基础上的政府,并大胆迈向那种古已有之、正从四面八方呼唤着你们的‘各国兄弟联盟’的更高理念时,你们才能从一切灾难中拯救自己。 让人类明白他们不是任何国家或政府的臣民,而是上帝的子民,因此他们既不可能是奴隶,也不可能是其他人的敌人。这样一来,那些由古代遗留下来的、现在既无用又有害的机构——即所谓的政府——以及它们所带来的一切苦难、暴力、堕落和罪行,自然就会消失殆尽。”
snowball_antrobus60 赞2018/5/28
Any reading suggestions for an English speaker?
对母语为英语的读者有什么阅读建议吗?
[已删除]98 赞2018/5/28
War and Peace! My favorite book. You might find it boring, depends on your tastes.
《战争与和平》!我的心头好。你可能会觉得这书挺无聊的,因人而异吧。
Reneeisme37 赞2018/5/28
Love it, but it took an effort to push through a lot of confusion before it grew on me. I think Anna Karenina is more readily accessible though everyone should eventually read both.
我超爱这本书,但说实话,刚开始读的时候确实挺懵的,硬着头皮啃了好一阵才渐入佳境。我觉得《安娜·卡列尼娜》读起来门槛低不少,但不管怎么说,这两本大家都该找机会拜读一下。
[已删除]17 赞2018/5/28
Looks like a huge time investment. Can you tell us what you enjoyed most about it?
看起来得花不少时间去啃啊。能不能跟咱们分享一下,你觉得它最吸引你的地方在哪儿?
prunesandprisms28 赞2018/5/28
One of the reasons it's so long is that it was originally published one chapter a week in a Russian newspaper. I made a simple [app](http://warinpiec.es) that will send you a chapter a week of those or similar books--try it out if that interests you!
这书之所以这么长,是因为它最初是在一家俄罗斯报纸上每周连载一章的。我做了一个简单的小[应用](http://warinpiec.es),可以每周给你推送这种书或类似书目的一章——如果感兴趣的话,不妨试试!
PhysicalStuff23 赞2018/5/28
Not OP, but currently reading W&P. It's [quite a mouthful](https://imgur.com/a/02pDa3K); I recommend the e-reader version. It's wonderfully immersive, and you are guaranteed reading material for months or years.
虽然我不是楼主,但我现在也在读《战争与和平》。这玩意儿[确实挺难啃的](https://imgur.com/a/02pDa3K);我推荐用电子书版读。它会让你沉浸感十足,而且保证你接下来几个月甚至几年都有书读。
Clarkness_Monster16 赞2018/5/28
Start off with some of the short stories so you get the feel for it, maybe like The Death of Ivan Illych. Then move up, I haven't read War and Peace but Anna Karenina was pretty great.
先从一些短篇小说读起,找找感觉,比如《伊凡·伊里奇之死》。然后再进阶,虽然我还没读过《战争与和平》,但《安娜·卡列尼娜》真的很赞。
[已删除]59 赞2018/5/28
Barrel of laughs that Tolstoy.
托尔斯泰这家伙,简直是个活宝。
jecinci31 赞2018/5/28
[yep](image
[没错](image
[已删除]52 赞2018/5/28
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[已删除]45 赞2018/5/28
I believe he was a Christian Anarchist?
我记得他是个基督教无政府主义者吧?
Scientificgodsgalore34 赞2018/5/28
Anna Karenina is one of the most heartfelt attempts at a man trying to understand a woman. Brilliant in its approach.
《安娜·卡列尼娜》是男人试图理解女人所作出的最真诚的尝试之一。切入点简直绝了。
[已删除]20 赞2018/5/28
Wasn't he in Kill Bill?
他是不是演过《杀死比尔》来着?
ThisIsTrix15 赞2018/5/28
“Empty your mind. Be formless, shapeless like imagination. If you put imagination in a book, it becomes the book”. - Tolstoy Sensei (circa 1908)
“清空你的思绪。无形无状,正如想象力一般。如果你把想象力注入书本,它就成了书。”——托尔斯泰大师(约1908年)
[已删除]14 赞2018/5/28
He wrote "war, what is it good for"
他写道:“战争,这玩意儿到底有啥用?”
Phalinx66613 赞2018/5/28
The man has class. He's doing The Al Bundy on the outside if his pants
这哥们儿真有范儿。他裤子外头那招简直是阿尔·邦迪(Al Bundy)附体。
jecinci12 赞2018/5/28
#[original](image)
#[原文](image)
[已删除]12 赞2018/5/28
Al Bundy was also a football legend.
阿尔·邦迪(Al Bundy)也曾是橄榄球界的传奇人物。
LincolnBeckett11 赞2018/5/28
“Star Wars and Peace”
“星球大战与和平”
AnderLouis_10 赞2018/5/28
This will probably get buried, but anyone thinking of tackling War & Peace should check out my absolute favourite subreddit and join in the 2000+ redditors doing the read-along. There's even a daily podcast to go along with the project.
这条评论估计会被沉底,但任何想挑战《战争与和平》的人,都应该去看看我最爱的子版块
[已删除]10 赞2018/5/28
Tolstoy - much like Dovstoyesky - gave us quite a peek into the grim parts of human existence and the mind.
托尔斯泰——和陀思妥耶夫斯基挺像的——让我们相当深入地窥探了人性中那些灰暗面以及内心世界。
trevpr110 赞2018/5/28
Disney Pixar are making a film about him Tolstoy Story
迪士尼皮克斯要给他拍部电影了 《托尔斯泰总动员》(Toy Story谐音梗)
jecinci8 赞2018/5/28
#For more colorized photos and/or commissions, please visit me on: #[Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/jecinci/) [Flickr](https://www.flickr.com/photos/jecinci_colorizations/) [Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/jecinci/) [Twitter](https://twitter.com/jecinci)
#想要看更多彩色照片和/或定制委托,请访问我的个人主页: #[Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/jecinci/) [Flickr](https://www.flickr.com/photos/jecinci_colorizations/) [Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/jecinci/) [Twitter](https://twitter.com/jecinci)
LeopoldBroom6 赞2018/5/28
I'd recommend to anyone that wants to read Tolstoy, to not start with war and peace and instead start with Anna Karenina.
我建议任何想读托尔斯泰的人,千万别从《战争与和平》开始,还是先读《安娜·卡列尼娜》吧。
IceNein5 赞2018/5/28
Leo Tolstoy should play Obi-Wan Kenobi in the individual spin off movie.
列夫·托尔斯泰应该在个人衍生电影里演欧比旺·克诺比。
dengop5 赞2018/5/28
What I find human rather amazing is that just by its appearance, you can never assume the person's inner ability. Look at him. If you saw him in the street, you'll merely think he's a cranky looking man with a cane who will curse at you if you bump with him. You'll never guess he's a man with tremendous writing talent with the acumen and intellect to dissect the society for the world. He is the true testament of do not judge a book by its cover.
我觉得特别神奇的一点是,光看外表,你永远也猜不出一个人内里有多大能耐。你看他,如果你在大街上碰到他,你只会觉得这老头拄着根拐杖,一脸古怪,你要是撞了他,他指不定还得骂你几句。你绝对猜不到他竟是个才华横溢的作家,拥有那种能把整个社会剖析给全世界看的敏锐洞察力和智慧。 他就是“人不可貌相”最好的注脚。
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