1982年，苏西·菲普斯-吉洛里（Susie Phipps-Guillory）在得知自己的出生证明上被标注为“有色人种”（因其拥有3/32的黑人血统）后，起诉路易斯安那州，要求法律承认其白人身份。最终她败诉了，州政府拒绝更改她的出生证明。
1982年，苏西·菲普斯-吉洛里（Susie Phipps-Guillory）在得知自己的出生证明上被标注为“有色人种”（因其拥有3/32的黑人血统）后，起诉路易斯安那州政府，要求在法律上被认定为白人。最终她败诉了，州政府也拒绝更改她的出生证明。
评论 (70)
Brounseoir1,249 赞2025/8/14
The state changed the law in 1983. The original law was that anyone with more than 1/32 black blood could not be legally considered white. This lawsuit kind of embarrassed Louisiana and forced them to change that law. Susie spent over $20,000 fighting to get her race changed on her birth certificate. State officials interviewed some of her cousins, who lived as black, and decided that she was lying about not knowing she was part black. That's part of the reason the state refused to reclassify her race. Susie descended from an enslaved black woman named Margarita who gave birth to 5 children fathered by her owner's husband. Margarita was Susie's great-great-great-grandmother.
路易斯安那州是在1983年才改的法。原先的法律规定，只要有超过1/32的黑人血统，在法律上就不能被认定为白人。这场官司让路易斯安那州挺没面子的，也被迫改了法。苏西为了能把出生证明上的种族改过来，砸了2万多美元打官司。
hittheyams497 赞2025/8/14
Do you know whether her lawsuit was meant to be ‘impact litigation’ intended to force Louisiana into changing that law? It paints her in a much different light if she spent $20k to get an old Jim Crow law off the books vs if she spent $20k just to get her birth certificate say she was white
你知道她的官司到底算不算“影响性诉讼”，就是那种想借此逼路易斯安那州修法的案子吗？如果她是花了2万块想把那种吉姆·克劳时代的烂法给废了，那她的形象可就完全不一样了；要是她只是为了让出生证明上写个“白人”而砸钱，那性质就又是另一回事了。
Brounseoir774 赞2025/8/14
She spent $20k to get her birth certificate to say white. She literally said she felt sick when she saw her birth certificate and it said colored. Apparently her husband was pissed about it too because he felt he had unknowingly married a black woman.
她就是花了2万块为了把出生证明改成“白人”。她亲口说过，看到出生证明上写着“有色人种”时她感到恶心。据说她丈夫当时也气炸了，因为他觉得自己是在不知情的情况下娶了个黑人老婆。
000-f860 赞2025/8/14
There are so many layers to this, and they're all bad
这事儿牵扯的层面太多了，而且没一个层面是招人待见的。
Buffering_disaster266 赞2025/8/14
Yeah!! Everyone sucks here!!
对啊！！这里面的人没一个好东西！！
evrestcoleghost100 赞2025/8/14
Like a rotten onion
像个烂洋葱似的。
javerthugo33 赞2025/8/14
Like Shrek the Third!
像《怪物史瑞克3》一样烂！
Zaozin172 赞2025/8/14
Everybody likes to act like they would have been different. Fourty three years ago was this racist shit. I remember growing up in the 90s everyone was openly anti gay. Early 2000s was the anti Arab time. People are still very openly ant trans or anti islamic. Now we have a lot of anti spanish sentiment it seems as well. I'm sure there are a lot of other recent and ongoing racist ideas, and they are all of our neighbors and are defeated one idea at a time.
大家都喜欢装得自己好像能出淤泥而不染似的。43年前那种种族主义烂事儿满天飞。我还记得90年代长大那会儿，大家对同性恋都是公开排斥的。21世纪初又是反阿拉伯人的时候。现在人们对跨性别者或者穆斯林的敌意也还很公开。看起来最近针对西班牙语裔的仇恨情绪也挺严重。我敢肯定，还有很多其他层出不穷的种族主义思想，而这些偏见就存在于我们邻里之间，只能一个一个去攻破。
000-f100 赞2025/8/14
I get what you're saying, people like to move their hate from one scapegoat to the next. But there have always been people who've stood up for what's right, and fought against oppression and hate. I, personally, have been standing up to family members and dropping friends for displaying any sort phobic/racist behavior since I was a kid. I've tolerated a lot of shit from people, more than I should've, but I have *never* tolerated that.
我懂你的意思，人们总喜欢把仇恨从一个替罪羊转移到下一个替罪羊身上。但一直以来，总有人站出来为正义发声，反抗压迫和仇恨。
_sharkbait_hoohaha38 赞2025/8/14
I like you. We need more people with this mindset. I’ve always said “I’m intolerant of intolerance.” I drop anybody who’s ever displayed any hateful behavior, I don’t need that shit in my life. I let them know why too, I get instantly repulsed by it. I’m lucky I grew up in my town. Yeah there was some cliques but **everyone** hung out with everyone. You’d never walk into a party full of one color or sexual orientation. My school was definitely a melting pot. Maybe it’s why I just can’t understand how anyone could be so hateful.
我欣赏你。我们需要更多有这种觉悟的人。我一直挂在嘴边的一句话就是：“我对不宽容行为绝不宽容。”任何表现出仇恨言行的人，我直接拉黑，我的人生不需要那种垃圾。而且我会明明白白告诉他们原因，那种言行让我生理性反胃。
[已删除]49 赞2025/8/14
My so-called best friend of 20 years dumped me in 2004. Her reasoning? "Ever since you dated that Black guy, your behavior has been off-putting." She couldn't even say his name and she'd met him several times. Bitch. I have ADHD, but wasn't diagnosed until 51. I did my best to live with it, *and* a developing disability that made it difficult for me to function in public. But sure, honey. Blame it on the Black guy!
我那所谓的二十年“闺蜜”在2004年把我踹了。她的理由是啥？“自从你跟那个黑人约会后，你的行为举止就让人很不舒服。” 她甚至连他的名字都不敢提，明明她都见过他好几次了。
_sharkbait_hoohaha19 赞2025/8/14
She really is a bitch! I’m happy she’s out of your life so she didn’t continue to be a poison in your life. Still, that really sucks, sorry you had to go through that. Have things improved since your diagnosis? I was diagnosed at 11yo, living with this is fucking hard. Especially unmediated.
她绝对是个贱人！她滚出你的生活真是太好了，省得她继续祸害你。不过这事儿确实够糟心的，真遗憾你当时经历了这些。自从确诊后情况有好转吗？我11岁就确诊了，带着这玩意儿生活简直操蛋，尤其是在没吃药的情况下。
RachetFuzz28 赞2025/8/14
I’d like to think because I’m not cruel now, I wouldn’t be cruel then. There’s no way to know. And I have no real justification to believe I’m moral and detached totally from mere cultural forces that only would make me seem good. I’m probably somewhere in between being moral and being a product of our time. That suggests that I would also be a partial product of any other time. (Make your math jokes).
我想说，因为我现在不刻薄，所以当时我也不会刻薄。但谁也说不准。我没啥真凭实据觉得自己道德高尚，能完全摆脱那些只会让我看起来“很好”的文化因素。我大概介于有道德和受时代影响之间吧。这也说明，换到任何其他时代，我多多少少也会是那个时代的产物。（随便你们拿数学开玩笑吧。）
3xploringforever44 赞2025/8/14
How did the paperwork person at the hospital when she was born know her great great great grandmother was black?
当年她出生的时候，医院办手续的人是怎么知道她高祖母是黑人的？
JustinWilsonBot38 赞2025/8/14
Presumably it was inferred from the apparent race of one of their parents, or their medical records. Its not crazy that one of the parents would be listed "legally" as black but not perceived as black for social reasons. If your mom never ever once tells you she is black, why would think she was? Family across the street is interracial. One of the kids complained that his black cousins teased him for being white. His white mom had to explain "you are black." The rules are nonsensical.
大概是从她父母某一方的明显种族特征，或者医疗记录里推断出来的吧。有一方在“法律上”被记录为黑人，但在社交层面没被视为黑人，这事儿并不稀奇。如果当妈的从来不告诉你她是黑人，你又怎么会觉得自己是呢？
hittheyams24 赞2025/8/14
I guess I shouldn’t have been as optimistic that a good result was from good intent
看来我不该那么乐观，觉得好结果一定是因为好心。
[已删除]24 赞2025/8/14
This is so close to the Chapelle show black white supremacist skit. “When asked why, after 40 years of marriage did you divorce your husband” She replied “Because he was a n***er lover”
这也太像“戴夫·查普尔秀”里那个“黑人白人至上主义者”的小品了。
ziatattoo27 赞2025/8/14
Hate when that happens to bigots.
最喜欢看偏执狂遭报应了。
hopping_hessian41 赞2025/8/14
My third great-grandmother was described as a “mullato” in the 1860 census. Does this mean my mom would be considered black, but I wouldn’t? I can’t get my head around how stupid this all is.
我高祖母在1860年的人口普查里被描述为“混血儿”（mullato）。这是不是意味着我妈会被视为黑人，而我就不是了？我真是想不通这到底有多愚蠢。
Cyandraaa73 赞2025/8/14
So she was cool finding out she’s a descendant of rape, but being 3/32 parts BLACK? Oh no honey that’s the REAL problem 🤦🏻♀️
所以，发现自己是强奸后代她倒觉得没问题，但发现自己有3/32的黑人血统？噢，不，亲爱的，那才是“真正”的问题所在呢。🤦🏻♀️
Velvet_moth26 赞2025/8/14
All humans, at some point in our ancestry are a descendant of rape.
所有人，往上倒几辈儿，祖上肯定都有被强奸的基因。
Cyandraaa41 赞2025/8/14
Right, but it’s entirely different finding out you’re a descendant of a slave woman who was repeatedly raped by her owner’s husband to the point of bearing at least FIVE children. My mind would be more preoccupied with that than my race, but maybe that’s just me.
是没错，但如果你发现你的直系祖先是个被男主人反复强奸、最后硬生生被逼着生了至少五个孩子的黑奴，那这种感觉绝对不一样。
Velvet_moth23 赞2025/8/14
True and it's really sad. This woman knew the treatment her direct ancestor went through only to still end up a disgusting racist herself. The lack of empathy for people who don't look like yourself is astounding.
确实，挺悲哀的。这女的明明知道她直系祖先经历过什么，结果自己反倒成了个恶心的种族歧视者。对长得跟自己不一样的人一点同理心都没有，真的绝了。
Anaevya15 赞2025/8/14
Or maybe the label black is simply inaccurate and nonsensical for someone like her. What's racist is the stupid one drop rule.
或者说，“黑人”这个标签对她这样的人来说本来就不准确，也没意义。那种蠢得要命的“一滴血原则”（one drop rule）才是真正的种族歧视。
277 赞2025/8/14
What does 3/32 even mean, practically speaking? One great-great-great grandparent? I'm not at all defending her "disgusted" reaction, but it seems perfectly reasonable for her to consider herself "white" if she is that far removed from her "coloured" ancestor
话说回来，从现实角度看，“3/32”到底是啥意思啊？指某位玄外祖父母（great-great-great grandparent）吗？
204 赞2025/8/14
Yes, one great-great-great grandparent. Her great-great-great grandmother was an enslaved black woman that had 5 children by her slave master.
对，就是一位玄外祖父母。她的玄外祖母就是那个被奴隶主强奸并生下5个孩子的黑人女奴。
79 赞2025/8/14
Wouldn't it 3/32 be 3 great, great, great grandparents? Because 1/32 would be a single g,g,g grandparent, right? 
3/32 不应该是三位玄外祖父母吗？因为 1/32 才代表一位玄外祖父母，对吧？
114 赞2025/8/14
That's what the articles said. I don't know. I flunked math.
文章里就是这么写的，我也搞不懂，我数学是体育老师教的。
33 赞2025/8/14
One parent is 1/16 (2/32) and the other parent is 1/8 (4/32). I’m sure there are other ways to get to 3/32, but that’s one way.
如果父母双方加起来，一方占 1/16（即 2/32），另一方占 1/8（即 4/32）。
145 赞2025/8/14
She’s Louisiana Creole. She knew already.
她是路易斯安那州的克里奥尔人，她心里门儿清。
111 赞2025/8/14
She claims she had no idea, but they interviewed her extended family and they all said they lived as black. Her siblings also tried to get their birth certificates changed.
她声称自己毫不知情，但他们采访了她的远房亲戚，人家都说他们一直是以黑人身份生活的。
49 赞2025/8/14
It sounds like she was trying to change to white because of her husband’s reaction.
听起来她像是为了迎合她老公的反应，才想把自己改成白人。
46 赞2025/8/14
No she didn't, she requested a copy of her birth certificate for something else. That's when she learned she was defined as black. She wasn't Creole, she was white, had no idea about those ancestor from 200 years ago.
不，她没有。她是为了办别的事才申请了一份出生证明，结果这才发现上面写的是黑人。她根本不是什么克里奥尔人，她就是个白人，对两百年前那档子祖宗的事儿一点儿也不知情。
28 赞2025/8/14
I was just about to ask how far back do you need to have a full Black relative to be considered 3/32 Black?
我正想问呢，你得往上追溯多少代有个纯血黑人亲戚，才会被算成是 3/32 的黑人血统啊？
33 赞2025/8/14
Her great-great-great grandmother was black or at least that's what the genealogy records turned up.
她那是往上数五代的曾曾曾祖母是黑人，至少家谱记录是这么写的。
121 赞2025/8/14
This is the one drop rule at work. I see people misusing the term referring to people with one Black parent.
这就是典型的“一滴血原则”在作祟。我常看到有人搞错这个词，拿它去指代那些有一位黑人父母的人。
39 赞2025/8/14
I learned about the one drop rule recently in a Bioethics class. Absolutely horrible.
我最近在生物伦理课上刚学过“一滴血原则”。简直离谱到家了。
31 赞2025/8/14
Okay, so for anyone else who was confused, the one drop rule was a legal classification of people's ancestry that anyone with a single African ancestor was considered to be black. Up until 1967, it was used to deny interracial marriage and the rights of black U.S. citizens. Funny aneurysm moment when we consider the current scientific understanding of human origins is the species has its roots in Africa. History is a muddy right hook to the nose.
行吧，给那些还没搞明白的朋友科普一下，“一滴血原则”曾是一项法律分类标准，规定只要祖上有一个非洲裔祖先，那你就被归为黑人。这规矩一直用到 1967 年，专门用来禁止跨种族通婚，剥夺黑人公民的权利。
23 赞2025/8/14
Fun fact, when the Nazis were coming up with how to identify who was technically an ethnic Jew during the Holocaust, their primary inspiration was American slavery and segregation. And they said "a single drop? Nah, that's too extreme for us".
顺便提一嘴冷知识：当年纳粹在制定如何界定“族裔上的犹太人”时，主要的参考依据竟然是美国的奴隶制和种族隔离制度。就连他们当时都觉得：“一滴血？得了吧，这对我们来说都太极端了。”
107 赞2025/8/14
[内容已删除]
27 赞2025/8/14
Yes, but now it's voluntarily provided. There's usually a "prefer not to identify" type option for both gender and race.
是这样，但现在（种族信息）都是自愿填写的了。通常性别和种族那一栏都有“不愿透露”的选项。
16 赞2025/8/14
It’s important to address racism. How can you statistically identify lack of opportunity for minorities if you don’t know who is a minority.
直面种族主义问题很重要。如果你连谁是少数族裔都搞不清，又怎么能从数据上找出他们缺乏机会的原因呢？
101 赞2025/8/14
There was also Sarah Rector, a girl in Alabama who, after becoming a millionaire oil baron overnight due to finding oil in the (otherwise worthless) land alloted to her by the government as part of a project to privatize indigenous communal land, was eventually declared legally white by the government so she could enjoy first class accommodations in accordance to her status.
还有萨拉·雷克托（Sarah Rector）的事儿，她是个阿拉巴马的小姑娘。当时政府搞了个私有化原住民公有土地的项目，分给她一块（本来根本没用的）地，结果她无意间在地里挖出了石油，一夜之间成了百万富翁石油大亨。后来政府甚至为了让她能享受头等舱待遇，特意在法律上把她定性为“白人”。
55 赞2025/8/14
There's a lot of talk around the 3/32 because it seems that you had to go far back to justify marking her race on her birth certificate, but her family was marked as "Mulatto" and "Negro" in multiple censuses up to Susie's birth, as late as [1930](https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6224/records/34526800?tid=25828937&pid=310192939135&ssrc=pt). Her father, Dominic Guillory, was written down to be "Negro" with a "Light Brown" complexion in his [WWII registration draft card](https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2238/records/14603104?tid=25828937&pid=310192939135&ssrc=pt). Several years *after* Susie was born. Her older brother Samuel was marked the [same way](https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2238/records/14605339?tid=25828937&pid=312237185794&ssrc=pt). Susie's mother, Simea Freddie/Frettie, was also marked as a "Mulatto" with her family in the [1900 census](https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7602/records/6065758). It seems that Susie's race was marked as "Colored" because the community knew the family well enough to tell, and the children unknowingly passed because it was probably a non-factor for them growing up. Either that or they did know. EDIT: Added links. Also came across Dominic and Simea in the 1950 Census. Marked as "[Negro](https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62308/records/77086065)".
3/32 这个事情大家都说得很多，好像要追溯到很远以前才能证明她在出生证明上标注的种族，但她的家人在苏西出生前的多次人口普查中，直到 1930 年，都被标注为“穆拉托人”（Mulatto）和“黑人”（Negro）。
她的父亲 Dominic Guillory，在他的二战登记兵役卡上被记为“黑人”，肤色是“浅棕色”。这是在苏西出生好几年之后的事了。她的哥哥 Samuel 也被一样标记。
苏西的母亲 Simea Freddie/Frettie，在 1900 年的人口普查中也被和她的家人一起被标记为“穆拉托人”。
看起来苏西的种族被标记为“有色人种”（Colored）是因为社区对这个家庭很熟悉，一眼就能看出来，而且孩子们可能也无意识地“通过”了（passed，指外貌上不像是黑人），因为这在他们成长过程中可能根本不是什么大问题。要不然就是他们其实知道。
编辑：添加了链接。
还在 1950 年的人口普查中找到了 Dominic 和 Simea。他们被标记为“黑人”。
26 赞2025/8/14
Thank you for this because I've been trying to find more info on her family but most of the good articles were behind a pay wall. I knew she was lying! I knew it!
多谢分享，我一直想找她家人的资料，但大部分高质量的深度报道都要付费。
17 赞2025/8/14
She died a few years ago and her obituary listed her parents' names, so it was easy to confirm. I didn't really see the parents mentioned in the NYT article I came across on her case, which is weird. You'd think they'd write about them because they're focused on her family history, lol.
她几年前去世了，讣告上写了她父母的名字，核实起来很容易。真奇怪，我看到的纽约时报关于她案子的报道里，根本没提她父母。
39 赞2025/8/14
Did it even matter in 1982? What disadvantages were there for having that on your birth certificate?
1982年的时候，这玩意儿还重要吗？出生证明上写那个身份到底会有什么劣势？
33 赞2025/8/14
Didn’t Bank of America get in trouble for giving different interest rates based on race?
美国银行（Bank of America）是不是因为按种族提供不同的利率而被整过？
52 赞2025/8/14
It disgusted her AND her husband apparently 🤦
看来这事儿不仅恶心坏了她，还恶心坏了她老公🤦
16 赞2025/8/14
Just went back to check, and yes, it was 1982. I was thinking 1950s and that she was fighting not to be treated like a minority who couldn't drink from the whites-only drinking fountain or send her kids to a mainstream school.
刚回去查了下，没错，确实是1982年。我之前一直以为是50年代，还琢磨着她是怕被当成少数族裔对待，比如不能用“白人专用”饮水机，或者孩子没法上主流学校之类的。
22 赞2025/8/14
I was born in the early 80s and remember both Klan rally flyers and a sundown town with racist graffiti on the sign as a young child not as far south as Louisiana. There were absolutely towns she would not have been able to buy a home in during the 80s.
我是80年代初出生的，小时候在南方，离路易斯安那没多远的地方，还真见过三K党的传单，也路过那种在镇子入口标牌上喷着种族主义标语的“日落镇”（sundown town）。那时候绝对有她根本买不起房的镇子。
28 赞2025/8/14
To most people? Probably didn't matter much. To her and her husband? Seems they were huge bigots.
对大多数人来说？可能确实没啥大不了的。但对她和她老公？看来这俩就是纯纯的种族歧视狂。
35 赞2025/8/14
I bet Rachel Dolezal would kill to be 3/32 Black. Oh well. Some people get all the luck I guess.
我敢打赌蕾切尔·多尔扎尔（Rachel Dolezal）肯定做梦都想有 3/32 的黑人血统。啧，只能说有些人命就是好呗。
22 赞2025/8/14
TIL some countries put race on birth certificates. Weird
今天才长见识，有的国家出生证明上居然还写种族。真够离谱的。
18 赞2025/8/14
One drop rule sounds so stupid outside of the US. According to it I'm black, even though I'm the colour of a sheet of paper
“一滴血原则”（One drop rule）放在美国之外听起来简直蠢透了。按那套逻辑，我肤色白得跟张纸似的竟然也能算黑人。
24 赞2025/8/14
IIRC, it was created by slaveholders to justify enslaving any offspring their slaves might have had, regardless of who the other parent was. Among other things, they would use it to justify enslaving their own children they'd had by raping their slaves. Stupid is just the beginning of how fucked up the one drop rule is.
如果我没记错的话，这玩意儿就是当初那帮奴隶主发明的，为了不管奴隶生的孩子爹是谁，都能理直气壮地把孩子也变成奴隶。除此之外，他们还能用这借口把自己强奸奴隶后生下的亲生骨肉也变成奴隶。
13 赞2025/8/14
Wait until she finds out we all started out as black… 😳
等她哪天发现咱们人类祖先都是黑人时，估计下巴都要惊掉了…… 😳
11 赞2025/8/14
10 赞2025/8/14
I wonder how much of the American population is 3/32 black. In a country where slavery was so widespread I imagine quite a lot of Americans who consider themselves 'purely' white have at least 3/32 black ancestry.
我好奇到底有多少美国人有 3/32 的黑人血统。在一个奴隶制曾如此普遍的国家，我估计不少自认为“纯”白人的美国佬，血管里至少都流着 3/32 的黑人血液。
10 赞2025/8/14
Even if a black person has even a little bit of white blood, they are not considered white, but why is it that if a white person has even a little bit of black blood, they are considered black? Is it because black paint drives out white paint?
为什么黑人只要混了一丁点白人血统，还是被当成黑人；但反过来，白人只要沾了一丁点黑人血统，就被归类为黑人？
8 赞2025/8/14
When racism beats racism with racism
这下真是用种族主义打败种族主义了。
5 赞2025/8/14
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5 赞2025/8/14
*To tell a family secret, my grandmother was Dutch*
讲个家族秘密，我奶奶是荷兰人。
4 赞2025/8/14
My Mom was 1/8th Black in Louisiana and she made sure she left the state to give birth so we kids 'had a chance '. Which is so fucked up.
我妈在路易斯安那州，她身上有八分之一的黑人血统。她为了让我们这些孩子“有个机会”，特意跑出那个州才把我们生下来。这事儿真的挺操蛋的。
3 赞2025/8/14
See the movie ‘Imitation of Life’, it runs along these lines. And it makes me cry.
去看看《仿效生活》（Imitation of Life）这部电影吧，讲的就是这路子的事儿。每次看都把我整哭了。
3 赞2025/8/14
So two of her 3x great grandparents were black? Gotta love the one drop rule.
所以说她那是高祖父母那一辈有两位是黑人？真绝了，这“一滴血原则”真是让人无语。
3 赞2025/8/14
One Drop Susie! I wonder did someone in her line decided to pass.
“一滴血苏西”！我在想她家族里是不是有人决定“装白人”混过去了。
3 赞2025/8/14
She can say it. The court says it’s ok.
她能说这话。法院都说了没问题。
3 赞2025/8/14
This is the most American's racism post I've ever read.
这绝对是我见过最有美国味儿的种族主义帖子了。
2 赞2025/8/14
For anyone wondering that's like 1-2 of their Great-Great-Grandparents was coloured
给还在纳闷儿的人科普一下，那差不多就是他们曾曾祖父母那一辈里有1到2个是有色人种。